The following report is from Medical XPress:
Idera Lawal was always interested in tattoos.
So, when he was given the task of studying how the mechanisms of tattooing could be used as an intradermal drug delivery system, it was right up his alley.
As a qualifying exam for his doctoral program, Lawal, a doctoral candidate in the Department of Chemical Engineering, housed within Texas Tech University’s Edward E. Whitacre Jr. College of Engineering, was given six weeks to design a project to investigate the physics involved in intradermal drug delivery using tattoo devices.
Lawal passed his qualifying exam, but that wasn’t the end of his interest in the project.
I took interest in it because I didn’t know people actually researched tattoos. I don’t have one of my own, but I find tattoos really cool. So, I was like, ‘whoa, yeah, I’m in.’ Even after I was done with the project I continued to work on it to a point where I was able to publish a paper.
He said
The paper, “Visualization of drug delivery via tattooing: effect of needle reciprocating frequency and fluid properties,” was published in the Journal of Visualization in January and examines the underlying physics involved in the tattooing process with the aid of high-speed imaging.
In March, Lawal presented his research at a meeting of the American Physical Society, with a video that demonstrates his work.
In my lab, we have these high-speed cameras that slow down the process, because again, these needles are moving really, really fast. The speeds vary from 46 injections per second to around 200 injections per second.
In our lab, we record each injection in slow motion and we have skin models. We’re able to observe how this ink is delivered into the skin and what the mechanism is that drives it.
Lawal explained
While past studies had investigated the potential of tattooing as a drug injection technique, there was little understanding of the fluid dynamics involved in the process. Lawal’s research provided insight into a different method for delivering fluids that could provide a useful system for administering vaccines in the future.
How It Works
As it stands vaccines are delivered by hypodermic needles. The needles are hollow and the delivery mechanism is to push them through the skin and into muscle, depress the syringe and push the fluids through the hollow tube of the needle.
Tattoo needles work differently. Rather than being hollow and having fluid passed through it, a tattoo needle is dipped in ink. And, unlike a hypodermic needle, a tattoo needle’s purpose isn’t to penetrate muscle but to puncture skin.
As the tattoo needle withdraws the small puncture wound created by the micro-injury begins to close and is filled with the ink the needle was dipped in.
Using the high-speed cameras, Lewal was able to demonstrate exactly how ink is delivered and how the skin, the largest organ in the human body, reacts.
It’s this reaction that could lead to a medical breakthrough.
What you have at the end of a tattoo is hundreds, maybe even thousands, of micro-injuries, from these small needles. That leads to the immune system’s inflammatory response kicking in and with that is a flood of immune cells.
Lawal said.
The injuries on the skin each attract immune cells to the injured area, including dermal immune cells called fibroblasts.
Immune cells are always patrolling. Once they find something, an imposter—which typically happens by immune cells binding to this imposter’s antigen—they can then signal for more immune cells to flood the site. This ostensibly happens at the sites of the micro-injuries and is the proposed reason for the heightened immune response.
Lawal explained.
Lawal’s research also looked at the viscosity of the fluids being injected, an important factor for the potential uses of tattoo needles in the medical field, where DNA vaccines are typically too thick to circulate using the intramuscular method.
The use of tattoo needles brings with it the possibility of applying vaccines to a larger area of the skin using multiple smaller punctures. The larger application area and the response of the body’s immune system also allow for the possibility of smaller doses and fewer side effects.
AUTHOR COMMENTARY
Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you: I am the LORD.
Leviticus 19:28
This is a command that was never undone in the New Testament, and people who continually cut themselves and do purposeful harm to their flesh is a classic sign of devil possession (see Mark 5). And nowadays practially everyone under the sun has at least one tattoo, and people getting full “sleeves” of them on their arms, legs, and now face are not uncommon in the slightest.
A tattoo, as described in this report, and just a general knowledge, is cutting up flesh and leaving marks on the body. So, if people are so apt to get them nowadays, it’s not too much of a stretch to think this type of medical application will become more commercialized soon, though that remains to be seen.
[7] Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof? or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock? [8] Say I these things as a man? or saith not the law the same also? [9] For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen? [10] Or saith he it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written: that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope. (1 Corinthians 9:7-10).
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Praise the Lord and Glory to God only that I never got tattoos, I guess I’m a rare breed nowadays. I watched that video and it’s important I’m thankful for it, but it made me flinch!
Worse: you got these professing christians who get all tattooed up like a graffitied up side of a freight train, it’s absolutely vexing, and they have the nerve to use the New Testament as a shield when there’s not one verse justifying it!
Jacob and any other readers, there’s this charlatan named Michael Rowan, this useful idiot for the Vatican located at a Babel building called The Gathering in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, all tattooed up and acting all cool.
Jacob,
You don’t have to watch the whole thing if you don’t want to and I would understand why because you’d need a bucket to watch this (clears throat) “sermon” because it’ll make you sick!
Can you leave a comment on this video judging this idiot, please Jacob…? If you have time, of course.
https://youtu.be/PSR4yqWANOY
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Sarah Elizabeth, and I don’t even think you’re a real person; you’re just some pathetic little loser who has nothing to do with their life harassing a true man of God!
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I have 3 tattoos I got in my lost life.I can say this I regret them and it vexes me,that I got them.I am thankful I didnt get them all over my body,although my tattoos are butterflies and a dragonfly Im sure thankful I didnt get skulls and other creepy looking things on my body like alot of people Ive seen. If I could I would go back and not got any and I can say this I will never ever ever get another tattoo.
I understand how you feel. Although I don’t have any tattoos, I’m vexed by my former past life of the 2010s. I’ve done such vile, perverted things which out of respect and good conscience will not share with ya or anyone else but let’s just say it involved copious amounts of alcohol, drunk many times, sporadic hangovers, perversion, and tons and tons of cussing.
I am vexed of myself everyday and thinking how disgusting I was. Unless you disclose what you used to do before you got saved (and you don’t have to) if you say you were worse than me, I’ll laugh and say “no you weren’t, I highly doubt that, I take the cake.”
I’m vexed everyday by my past sins and vexed at myself everyday.
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I too got tattoo’s back in the lost days 4 of them 2 on each arm, glad I didn’t get anymore. Well, what do you expect growing up in the Lutheric church, I didn’t know any better, but it’s my fault for not reading the Book as I should have. As a saved man I still will have to give account to the Lord and my comment when He asks I will; no excuse Lord I messed up.